3. Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry is primarily the study of organic molecules, which form the foundation of life and countless materials in our modern world. Organic molecules are commonly made of the atoms carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus. Hydrogen and carbon are the backbone of organic compounds, and by most definitions organic molecules need to have at least one carbon-hydrogen bond. By examining the structure, properties, and reactions of organic molecules, this field helps us understand everything from biological processes to the creation of new materials and medicines.

In this module, you will explore key concepts that underpin Organic Chemistry. We’ll begin with functional groupsAny group of atoms in a molecule that causes the molecule's characteristic chemical reactions. The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reactions regardless of the rest of the molecule's composition., the specific arrangements of atoms that determine a molecule’s reactivity and properties. You’ll also learn about some common reactions and how they can be used to make everyday pharmaceuticals such as paracetamol.

Organic Chemistry plays a vital role in fields like medicine, materials science, and biotechnology. Whether it's designing new drugs, creating sustainable polymers, or understanding biological molecules like DNA, Organic Chemistry provides the tools to innovate and solve real-world problems.