2.2 Programming Fundamentals

In this module, we will dive into the building blocks of coding and problem-solving. This module will provide you with a strong foundation in programming concepts, enabling you to create structured, efficient, and logical programs.

We’ll start by covering the core principles of programming, including variables, constants, operators, and control structures like sequence, selection, and iteration. These concepts form the backbone of any program, allowing you to process inputs, perform calculations, and produce outputs systematically.

Next, we’ll explore data types, focusing on integers, real numbers, booleans, characters, and strings. You’ll learn how to select the most suitable data type for various scenarios, as well as how to use casting to convert data types when necessary.

Finally, we’ll advance to additional programming techniques, such as string manipulation, file handling, and working with data structures like arrays and records. You’ll also learn to interact with databases using SQL, use subprograms to write reusable code, and generate random numbers for applications like games and simulations.