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The roots of Metaphysics stem from Ancient Greece, where early Western philosophers sought to explain the world without turning to myth or religion. They aspired to uncover the ultimate principles that govern existence, which set the stage for centuries of metaphysical inquiry.

Who Were the Ancient Greeks?

In the Ancient Greek era, there were many prominent philosophers. Plato (427–347 BCE) and his student Aristotle (384–322 BCE) are two of the most important figures, and their views on reality remain foundational to our understanding today.

Figure 2. Plato (left) and Aristotle (right) depicted in The School of Athens, painted by Italian Renaissance artist Raphael.

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